You've probably heard that breakfast is the
most important meal of the day.
However, this is largely a myth.
Although it may be true for some people, others actually
do better when they skip breakfast.
Additionally, eating an unhealthy breakfast can be far
worse than not eating at all.
A healthy breakfast includes fiber, protein and healthy fat that
gives you energy and makes you feel full.
In contrast, an unhealthy breakfast can make you feel
sluggish, cause you to gain weight and
increase your risk of chronic disease.
Here are the 10 worst foods you can eat in
the morning.
1. Breakfast Cereals
Many people think breakfast cereals are
a nutritious choice for children and adults.
Cereal packages often include health claims, such as
"contains whole grains." A label may also
suggest the cereal is a good source of nutrients like vitamin A and iron.
In reality, these cereals are highly processed and
contain only a small amount of whole grains. Also,
nutrients are artificially added in
a process called fortification.
One study found that children who consumed a fortified
breakfast cereal designed to improve immune function ended up getting sick just
as often as children who didn't consume the cereal (1 ).
Breakfast cereals contain mostly refined (not whole)
grains and sugar.
In fact, sugar is usually the first or second item in the
ingredients list. The higher on the list, the greater the quantity.
A 2011 report by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) examined some of the
most popular breakfast cereals consumed by children. It found that a 1-cup
serving often contains more sugar than 3 chocolate chip cookies.
Even "nutritious" cereal choices, such as
granola that contain oats, are often loaded with sugar.
A high sugar intake may raise the risk of obesity, type 2
diabetes, heart disease and other chronic health conditions (2 ).
BOTTOM LINE:Many breakfast cereals are even higher in sugar than
cookies and desserts. Adding whole grains or artificial vitamins and minerals
does not make them a healthy choice.
2. Pancakes and Waffles
Pancakes and waffles are popular choices for weekend
breakfasts at home or in restaurants.
Both pancakes and waffles contain flour, eggs, sugar and milk. They are cooked somewhat differently, however, in order
to achieve a distinct shape and texture.
Although they have more protein than some breakfast
items, pancakes and waffles are very high in refined flour. Many researchers
believe that refined grains like wheat flour contribute to insulin resistance and
obesity (3 , 4 ).
In addition, pancakes and waffles are typically topped
with pancake syrup, which contains high-fructose corn syrup.
High-fructose corn syrup can cause the inflammation that
drives insulin resistance, which may lead to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (5 ).
Pure maple syrup is a better choice than pancake syrup, but
it's still high in sugar, which adds empty calories to the meal.
According to the American Heart Association, most people
consume 2–3 times the recommended daily upper limit for added sugar (6 ).
BOTTOM LINE:Pancakes and waffles are made from refined flour and
topped with high-sugar syrups. They may promote insulin resistance and increase
the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and other diseases.
3. Toast With Margarine
Toast topped with margarine may seem
like a good breakfast choice, since it doesn't contain saturated fat or
sugar.
However, this is actually an unhealthy breakfast for two
reasons.
First, because the flour in most bread is refined, it
provides you with few nutrients and little fiber.
Because it is high in refined carbs and low in fiber, it
can spike your blood sugar levels very fast.
Elevated blood sugar leads to rebound hunger that causes
you to eat more at the next meal, which can make you gain weight (7 ).
Second, most margarines contain trans fats, which are the
most unhealthy type of fat you can eat.
Food manufacturers create trans fats by adding hydrogen
to vegetable oils in order to make them appear more like saturated fats, which are
solid at room temperature.
While studies have not shown
saturated fats to cause harm, trans fats are definitely bad for you. There's a
massive amount of evidence that trans fats are highly inflammatory and
increase your risk of disease (8, 9 , 10 , 11 ).
Also keep in mind that margarine can be labeled
"trans fat free" but still contain trans fats, as long as it is less
than 0.5 grams per serving (12 ).
BOTTOM LINE:Toast with margarine raises your blood sugar and insulin
levels, causes rebound hunger and increases your risk of weight gain and heart
disease.
4. Muffins
Despite a reputation for being healthy, most muffins are
just small cakes in disguise.
They're made from refined flour, vegetable oils, eggs and
sugar. The only healthy ingredient is the eggs.
In addition, commercially sold muffins are often very large.
One review found that a typical packaged muffin exceeds the USDA standard
portion size by 333% (13 ).
The dramatic increase in portion sizes over the past 30
years is believed to play a major role in the obesity epidemic.
Sometimes muffins are topped with additional sugar, or
filled with chocolate chips or dried fruit, further
adding to their sugar and calorie content.
BOTTOM LINE:Muffins are usually high in refined flour, refined
vegetable oils and sugar, all of which are very unhealthy.
5. Fruit
Juice
Fruit juice is one of
the worst choices you can
make if you're trying to avoid hunger, weight gain and chronic disease.
Some fruit juices on the market actually contain very
little juice and are sweetened with sugar or high-fructose corn syrup. High
sugar levels increase your risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes
and other diseases (14 , 15 , 16 ).
Even 100% fruit juice contains a lot of sugar. Consuming
large amounts of fruit juice can have the same effects on your weight and
health as drinking sugar-sweetened beverages (17 ).
Drinking fruit juice causes your blood sugar to rise very
quickly because there's no fat or fiber to slow down absorption. The resulting
spike in insulin and drop in blood sugar can make you feel tired, shaky and
hungry.
BOTTOM LINE:Despite a reputation for being healthy, fruit juice is
very high in sugar. It actually contains a similar amount as sugary soda.
6. Toaster Pastries
Toaster pastries are an undeniably quick and easy
breakfast option. However, their ingredients are anything but healthy.
For instance, Pop Tarts contain white flour, brown sugar,
high fructose corn syrup and soybean oil.
The health claim "baked with real fruit" is highlighted
on the front of the box, in an attempt to persuade you that these pastries are
a nutritious breakfast choice.
In addition to being high in sugar and refined flour,
toaster pastries only have a couple of grams of protein.
One study showed that women who ate a breakfast with 3
grams of protein and 44 grams of carbs were hungrier
and consumed more at lunch than women who ate a high-protein, low-carb
breakfast (18 ).
BOTTOM LINE:Toaster pastries are high in sugar and refined carbs, yet
low in protein, which can increase hunger and food intake.
7. Scones With Jam and Cream
Scones topped with jam are truly more like dessert than a
meal.
Scones are made by mixing refined wheat flour, butter and sugar with desired flavorings. The dough is
then shaped into small rounds and baked.
They're usually topped with cream and jam or jelly. The
end result is a high-calorie, sugary breakfast with little fiber and protein.
Studies have shown that fiber has many benefits,
including keeping your blood sugar well-controlled. It also makes you feel
satisfied so you end up eating less (19 ).
On the other hand, eating a breakfast that's high in refined carbs can
spike your blood sugar and make you hungrier.
In one study, obese children reported feeling hungrier
and less satisfied after eating a high-carb meal than after eating a high-protein, low-carb
meal. Their hunger and satiety hormones also changed (20 ).
BOTTOM LINE:Scones topped with cream and jam provide little nutrition
other than calories. Easily digested carbs and a lack of fiber can drive
hunger, leading to increased food intake and weight gain.
8. Sweetened Non-Fat Yogurt
A bowl of plain, whole-milk Greek yogurt topped with berries is a great example of a
healthy breakfast.
However, a container of fat-free, sugar-sweetened fruit
yogurt is not.
In fact, many flavored non-fat yogurts contain more sugar
than a comparable serving of ice cream.
Fat helps keep you full because it takes longer to digest
than carbs, and it also triggers the release of the fullness hormone
cholecystokinin (CCK) (21 ).
Removing the fat from dairy products and adding sugar
changes a nutritious breakfast option into a food that is better suited as an
occasional treat.
BOTTOM LINE:Non-fat sweetened yogurt is very high in sugar, and may
contain more of it than ice cream. It also lacks the natural dairy fat that can
increase fullness.
9. Granola Bars
Granola bars may sound like great breakfast options, but
they're often no better than candy bars.
Although unprocessed oats are high in fiber, granola bars
provide only 1–3 grams of fiber, on average. However, they contain a lot of
added sugar.
In fact, some of the most popular brands contain a
combination of sugar, corn syrup and honey. Large amounts of
these sugars can raise blood sugar, insulin levels and inflammation (22 ).
Further driving up their sugar content, granola bars
sometimes contain chocolate chips or dried fruit.
The protein content of granola bars also tends to be low,
further confirming that they are a poor breakfast choice.
BOTTOM LINE:Granola bars usually contain several types of sugar that
negatively affect blood sugar and insulin levels. They also lack protein and
fiber.
10. Processed, Gluten-Free Breakfast Foods
Gluten-free diets have
become very popular in recent years because of concerns about the potential
negative health effects of gluten (23 ).
While there's no harm in avoiding gluten, eating many of
the processed gluten-free foods now available may cause problems.
For example, a combination of flours made from rice, potatoes and tapioca replaces wheat flour in gluten-free
bread and baked goods.
These flours have a high glycemic index, so they raise
blood sugar rapidly. This rise leads to high insulin levels that can cause
rebound hunger and weight gain (24 ).
Also, gluten-free pancakes, muffins and other baked goods
are no better than traditional wheat-based versions due to their low protein
and fiber content.
BOTTOM LINE:Gluten-free packaged foods are made with flours that
raise blood sugar, which may lead to elevated insulin, increased appetite and
weight gain.They also lack protein and fiber, which contribute to fullness.
Take Home Message
Breakfast has the potential to set you up for a day of
great energy levels, stable blood sugar and control over your appetite and
weight.
On the other hand, making a poor choice at breakfast can
leave you hungry and struggling to get through the rest of the day.
It can also increase your risk of developing health
problems in the future.
If you're going to eat breakfast, make it one that
contains protein, healthy fat and fiber from unprocessed, whole foods.
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